Simulation excavation of the tunnel ABAQUS
The example considers the installation of a concrete liner to support a circular tunnel and The tunnel is assumed to be excavated in clay
The diameter of the tunnel is 8 m, and the tunnel is excavated 20 m below ground surface
The left-hand boundary represents a vertical symmetry axis. Far-field conditions on the bottom and right-hand-side boundaries are modeled by infinite elements (element type CINPE4)
An initial stress field due to gravitational and tectonic forces exists through the depth of the soil. It is assumed that this stress varies linearly with depth and that the ratio between the horizontal and vertical stress components is 0.5. The self weight of the clay is 20.0 kN/m3
The excavation of the tunnel material is accomplished by applying the forces that are required to maintain equilibrium with the initial stress state in the surrounding material as loads on the perimeter of the tunnel. These loads are then reduced to zero to simulate the excavation
The liner is installed after 40% relaxation of the loads. Further deformation continues to occur as the face of the excavation advances. This ongoing deformation loads the liner
The excavation and installation of the liner is modeled in four analysis steps In the first step the initial stress state is applied and the liner elements are removed using the MODEL CHANGE, REMOVE option. Concentrated loads that are in equilibrium with the initial stress field are applied on the perimeter of the tunnel. These forces were obtained from an independent analysis where the displacements on the tunnel perimeter were constrained. The reaction forces at the constrained nodes are the loads applied here
The second step begins the tunnel excavation by reducing the concentrated loads on the tunnel surface. The loads are reduced by 40% in this step before the liner is installed in the third step using the MODEL CHANGE, ADD option. No deformation takes place in the soil or liner during the third step In the fourth step the surface load is applied, and the excavation is completed by removing the remainder of the load on the tunnel perimeter
Axial stress along liner inside and outside
Liner stress during analysis history
Duration :60 minutes
Resolution: 1280*768
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